Atovaquone: Difference between revisions
(Replace manual dosing with dynamic SMW tables (Adult + Pediatric)) |
(Restore original dosing content alongside dynamic SMW tables) |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Babesiosis: 750mg PO q12h + azithromycin | |||
*Toxoplasma encephalitis, HIV+: 1500mg daily + leucovorin +/- pyrimethamine | |||
*PCP pneumonia (2nd line): 1500mg daily | |||
*Malaria prophylaxis: | |||
===Indications by Disease=== | ===Indications by Disease=== | ||
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Atovaquone]] [[Has Population::Adult]] | {{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Atovaquone]] [[Has Population::Adult]] | ||
|?Treats disease=Disease | |?Treats disease=Disease | ||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |?Has Dose=Dose | ||
|?Has Context=Context | |?Has Context=Context | ||
|format=table | |format=table | ||
|limit=50 | |limit=50 | ||
|mainlabel=- | |mainlabel=- | ||
|headers=show | |headers=show | ||
|sort=Treats disease | |sort=Treats disease | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Babesiosis: 20mg/kg q12h (max 750mg/dose) + azithromycin | |||
*PCP pneumonia (2nd line) | |||
**>13yo, HIV- : 1500mg daily | |||
**Adolescents, HIV+: 1500mg daily +/- leucovorin, +/- pyrimethamine | |||
**1-3mo, 2-13yo, HIV+: 30 mg/kg PO daily | |||
**4-24mo, HIV+: 45mg/kg PO daily | |||
*Malaria prophylaxis: 250mg + 100mg proguanil daily | |||
*Malaria falciparum/vivax treatment: 1000mg + proguanil 400mg daily | |||
===Indications by Disease=== | ===Indications by Disease=== | ||
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Atovaquone]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]] | {{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Atovaquone]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]] | ||
|?Treats disease=Disease | |?Treats disease=Disease | ||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |?Has Dose=Dose | ||
|?Has Context=Context | |?Has Context=Context | ||
|format=table | |format=table | ||
|limit=50 | |limit=50 | ||
|mainlabel=- | |mainlabel=- | ||
|headers=show | |headers=show | ||
|sort=Treats disease | |sort=Treats disease | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:39, 20 March 2026
Administration
- Type: Antimicrobial (active against Pneumocystis jirovecii, Babesiosis, Toxoplasmosis, Malaria)
- Dosage Forms: tablet, oral suspion
- Dosage Strengths: tablet: 250mg; oral suspension: 750mg/5mL
- Routes of Administration: PO
- Common Trade Names: Mepron
Adult Dosing
- Babesiosis: 750mg PO q12h + azithromycin
- Toxoplasma encephalitis, HIV+: 1500mg daily + leucovorin +/- pyrimethamine
- PCP pneumonia (2nd line): 1500mg daily
- Malaria prophylaxis:
Indications by Disease
| Disease | Dose | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Babesiosis | 750mg BID x 10 days | Mild parasitemia less than 4 percent option 1 |
Pediatric Dosing
- Babesiosis: 20mg/kg q12h (max 750mg/dose) + azithromycin
- PCP pneumonia (2nd line)
- >13yo, HIV- : 1500mg daily
- Adolescents, HIV+: 1500mg daily +/- leucovorin, +/- pyrimethamine
- 1-3mo, 2-13yo, HIV+: 30 mg/kg PO daily
- 4-24mo, HIV+: 45mg/kg PO daily
- Malaria prophylaxis: 250mg + 100mg proguanil daily
- Malaria falciparum/vivax treatment: 1000mg + proguanil 400mg daily
Indications by Disease
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation risk: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
- Renal dosing: atovaquone/proguanil contraindicated in severe renal failure for malaria prophylaxis, otherwise no adjustment
- Hepatic dosing: no adjustment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- SJS, erythema multiforme
- Methemoglobinemia
- Hepatitis, liver failure
Common
- Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea
- Rash
- Headache, insomnia
- Fever
- Cough, rhinitis
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.2-3.2 days
- Metabolism: undergoes enterohepatic recirculation
- Excretion: Fecal
Mechanism of Action
- Unclear mechanism; structurally similar to ubiquonone, which inhibits cytochromal electron transport in Plasmodia species