https://wikem.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Amebiasis%2Fen 2026-04-19T03:49:12Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.38.2 https://wikem.org/w/index.php?title=Amebiasis/en&diff=379853&oldid=prev 2026-01-06T20:42:55Z

<p>Updating to match new version of source page</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>&lt;languages/&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Background==<br /> <br /> [[File:Amebiasis LifeCycle.gif|thumb|The life-cycle of various intestinal Entamoeba species.]]<br /> *Fecal oral transmission of Entamoeba histolytica cyst<br /> *Most infection asymptomatic <br /> *Excystation in intestinal lumen<br /> *Trophozoites adhere and colonizes large intestine forming new cysts or invade the intestinal mucosa to cause colitis or abscesses<br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/Liver abscess|Liver abscess]] - 10x more common in men<br /> *Incubation period usually 2-4 weeks, but may range from a few days to years<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Clinical Features==<br /> <br /> *Asymptomatic vs. dysentery vs. extraintestinal abscesses<br /> *Intestinal- several weeks of crampy [[Special:MyLanguage/abdominal pain|abdominal pain]], weight loss, watery or bloody [[Special:MyLanguage/diarrhea|diarrhea]]<br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/Liver abscess|Liver abscess]]-[[Special:MyLanguage/fever|fever]], [[Special:MyLanguage/cough|cough]], [[Special:MyLanguage/RUQ pain|RUQ]] or [[Special:MyLanguage/epigastric pain|epigastric pain]], right-sided [[Special:MyLanguage/chest pain|pleural pain]] or referred shoulder pain +/- GI upset<br /> **[[Special:MyLanguage/Hepatomegaly|Hepatomegaly]] with tenderness over the liver a typical finding<br /> **Abscess rupture can involve associated peritoneum, pericardium, or pleural cavity<br /> *Extrahepatic amebic abscesses in the lung, brain, and skin are rare<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Differential Diagnosis==<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Dysentery===<br /> <br /> *Infectious- [[Special:MyLanguage/shigella|shigella]], [[Special:MyLanguage/salmonella|salmonella]], [[Special:MyLanguage/campylobacter|campylobacter]], [[Special:MyLanguage/E. Coli|E. Coli]]. <br /> *Noninfectious- [[Special:MyLanguage/Inflammatory bowel disease|Inflammatory bowel disease]], [[Special:MyLanguage/ischemic colitis|ischemic colitis]], [[Special:MyLanguage/diverticulitis|diverticulitis]], AV malformation.<br /> <br /> {{Liver abscess DDX}}<br /> <br /> {{Fever in Traveler DDX}}<br /> <br /> {{Diarrhea DDX}}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Evaluation==<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Labs===<br /> <br /> *CBC<br /> *Chem<br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/LFTs|LFTs]]<br /> *Stool PCR<br /> **Diagnostic gold standard <br /> **100% sensitive and specific<br /> *Stool or abscess microscopy <br /> **&lt;60% SN; unreliable diagnostic test&lt;ref&gt;Rayan HZ. Microscopic overdiagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2005;35(3):941–951&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *Stool, serum, or abscess fluid antigen<br /> *Indirect hemagglutination (antibody)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Imaging===<br /> <br /> *Abdominal Ultrasound<br /> **58-98% SN for liver abscess (depending on size/location)<br /> *Abdominal CT<br /> **Alternative to ultrasound; equally effective in identifying abscess<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Management==<br /> <br /> <br /> ===Asymptomatic colonization===<br /> <br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/Paromomycin|Paromomycin]] or diloxanide<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Colitis===<br /> <br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/Metronidazole|Metronidazole]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Liver abscess===<br /> <br /> *[[Special:MyLanguage/Flagyl|Flagyl]], [[Special:MyLanguage/tinidazole|tinidazole]], [[Special:MyLanguage/paromomycin|paromomycin]], or diloxanide<br /> *Consider drainage of abscess by IR if no response to antibiotics in 5 days, abscess &gt; 5cm, or left lobe involvement<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Disposition==<br /> <br /> *'''Admission'''<br /> **Admit if signs of shock, sepsis, or peritonitis<br /> **Patients with toxic megacolon should be admitted for surgical intervention.<br /> *'''Discharge'''<br /> **Patients who are non-toxic and able to tolerate oral hydration/PO meds can be discharged with outpatient follow-up<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==External Links==<br /> <br /> *[https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/intestinal-protozoa-and-microsporidia/amebiasis?query=amebiasis Merk Manual - Amebiasis]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ID]]<br /> [[Category:Tropical Medicine]]<br /> [[Category:GI]]</div>

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